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Alsace is among the northernmost wine regions in France; its high latitude and cold climate should, in theory, limit the development of viticulture. Nevertheless, thanks to a combination of physical factors, it is a region rich in excellent wines, especially whites.
Indeed, the vineyards are planted on the foothills of the Vosges Mountains, on slopes facing east. Furthermore, the mountain peaks block the humid influence from the west, thus limiting cloud cover. Finally, the vines are pruned relatively short to take advantage of the heat radiated by the soil. These factors allow them to benefit from longer exposure to sunlight, and therefore achieve better ripening of the grapes.
In Alsace, white grape varieties dominate: Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris, and Muscat are the most widely planted. A small amount of Pinot Blanc is also grown. Whether they are vinified dry or preserving some of the residual sugars, Alsatian wines exhibit a great tension linked to the northern position of the vineyards.